On a national and European level, respective institutions are facing challenges. Also in a global context, major obstacles are to be expected. All countries, which benefit significantly from the world-economy’s dependency on fossil fuels, don’t have any interest in an early exit from the fossil based economic model.
Without a higher-level institution, which can enforce regulations by law, it is particularly difficult to enforce a project such as a circular bioeconomy. This requires special political finesse and a consistent European strategy. For many countries, there are obvious reasons to support such an economic model: the fight against food-, water-, resource- scarcity and climate change are just a few of them. At the same time they are factors leading to conflict, both nationally and internationally. How difficult it is to find an acceptable agreement internationally, shows the example of the “Paris Agreement”. Although, content wise it is a minimal trade-off, diverging interests of individual states may jeopardize the entire agreement.